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Thursday, 17 May 2012

Conveyor Dimentions

MINIMUM PULLEY DIAMETERS (mm)

DTr*
Rate of utilization of the maximum permissible belt breaking strength**
over 60 to 100 %
over 30 to 60 %
up to 30 %
Pulley group
A
B
C
A
B
C
A
B
C
160
160
125
100
125
100
100
100
200
200
160
125
160
125
100
125
125
100
250
250
200
160
200
160
125
160
160
125
315
315
250
200
250
200
160
200
200
160
400
400
315
250
315
250
200
250
250
200
500
500
400
315
400
315
250
315
315
250
630
630
500
400
500
400
315
400
400
315
800
800
630
500
630
500
400
500
500
400
1000
1000
800
630
800
630
500
630
630
500
1250
1250
1000
800
1000
800
630
800
800
630
1400
1400
1250
1000
1250
1000
800
1000
1000
800
1600
1600
1400
1250
1400
1250
1000
1250
1250
1000
1800
1800
1600
1400
1600
1400
1250
1400
1400
1250
2000
2000
1800
1600
1800
1600
1400
1600
1600
1400
*
Pulley
** Pulley load factor
VOLUME FLOW (m³/h)
Belt width
Idler length
Troughing angle of the belt
(mm)
(mm)
20°
25°
30°
35°
40°
45°
500
200
39
72
79
85
90
94
97
650
250
69
132
145
155
164
171
176
800
315
108
207
226
243
257
268
276
1000
380
174
337
369
396
419
437
449
1200
465
256
493
540
580
614
640
658
1400
530
353
685
750
806
853
888
913
1600
600
466
907
993
1067
1128
1175
1208
1800
670
594
1160
1270
1365
1443
1502
1544
2000
740
739
1443
1581
1699
1795
1869
1920
2200
800
917
1802
1974
2121
2241
2332
2394
2400
870
1115
2196
2406
2585
2730
2840
2915
2600
940
1332
2628
2880
3094
3268
3399
3486
2800
1000
1568
3104
3402
3654
3859
4012
4113
3000
1070
1824
3615
3961
4255
4492
4670
4788
3200
1140
2099
4164
4563
4902
5174
5379
5513
STEEL CORD CONVEYOR BELT WEIGHT AND THICKNESS (X grade covers)
Rating
Thickness (mm)
Weight (kg/m²)
*Please add 1,1 kg per square meter and 1 mm thickness of cover!
For V self-extinguishing resp. FRAS grades, use 1,5 kg/m²/mm!

For exact figures please consult the belt manufacturer!
St 1000
4,0
8,5
St 1250
4,0
10,5
St 1600
5,5
12,6
St 2000
5,5
13,6
St 2500
7,0
18,7
St 3150
8,0
21,2
St 4000
9,0
26,0
St 4500
9,5
28,5
St 5000
10,0
30,8
St 5400
10,5
31,8
St 6300
12,0
41,8
St 6800
13,5
43,4
St 7500
14,5
44,8
St 8500
15,0
46,6
St 10000
16,0
TEXTILE BELT WEIGHT AND THICKNESS (X grade)
Rating (N/mm) Thickness (mm) Weight (kg/m²)* *Please add 1,1 kg per square meter and 1 mm thickness of cover!
Example: 1200 / EP 800/4 6+3:
(5,5+(9x1,1))x1,2=18,5 kg/m
For exact figures please consult the belt manufacturer!
EP 400/2 3,5 4,4
EP 630/2 4,5 5,4
EP 800/2 5,0 5,9
EP 400/3 3,0 3,4
EP 500/3 3,5 3,7
EP 630/3 4,0 4,3
EP 500/4 3,8 4,9
EP 630/4 4,1 5,2
EP 800/4 4,5 5,5
EP 800/5 5,0 6,3
EP 1000/5 5,5 7,1
EP 1250/5 7,0 8,9
COEFFICIENTS OF FRICTION (µ)
Condition
Steel pulley
PU lagging
Rubber lagging
Ceramic lagging
dry
0.35 - 0.4
0.35 - 0.4
0.4 - 0.45
0.4 - 0.45
wet (water)
0.1
0.35
0.35
0.35 - 0.4
wet (soiled)
0.05 - 0.1
0.2
0.25 - 0.3
0.35
BULK DENSITY (ρ)
Ash, dry
0.5 - 0.7
Ash, wet
0.9
Basalt
1.6
Bauxite, crushed
1.3
Cement
1.35
Clay, dry
1.8
Coal, r.o.m.
1.1 - 1.4
Coal, fine
0.7 - 0.9
Copper ore
2.15
Gravel
1.8 - 2.2
Gold ore
1.2
Lignite
0.65 - 0.85
Limestone
1.5 - 1.9
Iron ore
2.1
Mineral salt
1.0
Oil sand
1.5
Overburden
1.5 - 1.8
Phosphate
1.2 - 1.5
Potash
1.35
Rock debris
1.8
Salt
1.2 - 1.5
Sand, dry
1.6
Sand, wet
2.0
MAXIMUM SLOPE ANGLES (°)
Cement
23
Coal, r.o.m.
17
Coal, fine
16
Ore
18
Gravel
15
Limestone
18
Salt
20
Sand, dry
16
Sand, wet
20
The coefficient  jSt as per DIN 22101 provides the relationship of the dynamical angle of inclination. For bulk materials with higher inner friction, the following guide values can be used:
Inclination 10° 12° 14° 16° 18° 20°
Coefficient (φSt) 1.0 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.89 0.85 0.81
COEFFICIENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE VOLUME FLOW (φSt)
Gradient angle
10°
12°
14°
16°
18°
20°
Coefficient (φSt)
1.0
0.99
0.97
0.97
0.95
0.93
0.91
0.89
0.85
0.81
DISTANCE BETWEEN BELT EDGE AND DEEPEST POINT OF TROUGH (mm)
Belt width
Idler length
Belt width on
Belt troughing angle
(mm)
(mm)
side idlers (mm)
25°
30°
35°
37,5°
40°
45°
500
200
150
63
75
86
91
96
106
650
250
200
85
100
115
122
129
141
800
315
243
102
121
139
148
156
171
1000
380
310
131
155
178
189
199
219
1200
465
368
155
184
211
224
236
260
1400
530
435
184
218
250
265
280
308
1600
600
500
211
250
287
304
321
354
1800
670
565
239
283
324
344
363
400
2000
740
630
266
315
361
384
405
445
2200
800
700
296
350
402
426
450
495
2400
870
765
323
383
439
466
492
541
2600
940
830
351
415
476
505
534
587
2800
1000
900
380
450
516
548
579
636
3000
1070
965
408
483
554
587
620
682
3200
1140
1030
435
515
591
627
662
728
MINIMUM BELT FORCES TO ENSURE TRANSMISSION OF PERIPHERAL PULLEY FORCES
Coeff. of friction
170°
175°
180°
185°
190°
195°
200°
205°
210°
215°
220°
225°
230°
235°
240°
245°
0.05
6.25
6.06
5.88
5.71
5.55
5.39
5.24
5.10
4.97
4.85
4.72
4.61
4.50
4.39
4.29
4.20
0.10
2.90
2.80
2.71
2.62
2.54
2.47
2.39
2.32
2.26
2.20
2.14
2.08
2.02
1.97
1.92
1.87
0.15
1.78
1.72
1.66
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.45
1.41
1.36
1.32
1.28
1.25
1.21
1.18
1.14
1.11
0.20
1.23
1.19
1.14
1.10
1.06
1.03
0.99
0.96
0.92
0.89
0.87
0.84
0.81
0.79
0.76
0.74
0.25
0.91
0.87
0.84
0.81
0.77
0.75
0.72
0.69
0.67
0.64
0.62
0.60
0.58
0.56
0.54
0.52
0.30
0.70
0.67
0.64
0.61
0.59
0.56
0.54
0.52
0.50
0.48
0.46
0.44
0.43
0.41
0.40
0.38
0.35
0.55
0.52
0.50
0.48
0.46
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.38
0.37
0.35
0.34
0.33
0.31
0.30
0.29
0.40
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.38
0.36
0.34
0.33
0.31
0.30
0.29
0.27
0.26
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.22
0.45
0.36
0.34
0.32
0.31
0.29
0.28
0.26
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.18
0.17
REVOLVING MASS OF IDLERS (3-part idlers, kg/m)
Belt width (mm)
Idler diameter (mm)
108
133
159
168
1000
17,0
24,5
26,5
35,0
1200
19,0
29,0
32,5
40,0
1400
21,0
31,5
35,5
45,0
1600
23,5
34,5
39,0
50,0
1800
25,5
35,0
42,5
54,0
2000
28,0
37,5
47,0
62,0





f VALUES (artificial friction coefficient f), Examples
Installation Conditions f value
Horizontal, belt speed of 5 m/s, low rolling resistance belt Favorable, easily rotating idlers, good tracking
0.012
Horizontal, belt speed of 5 m/s, X grade belt As above 0.016
As above "Normal" 0.020
As above Unfavorable conditions, low temperature 0.026
Steep decline, belt speed 5 m/s As a safety measure, downhill conveyors shall be calculated with a substantially lower f value than driven conveyors. 0.014
The f value is negatively influenced by higher troughing angles, higher belt speeds, smaller idler diameters, poorly aligned installations etc.
COEFFICIENT C
Length (m) 80 200 300 500 800 1000 1500 2500 5000
C 1,92 1,45 1,31 1,2 1,17 1,09 1,05 1,04 1,03
FACTOR c
Belt speed (m/s) 2 3 4 5 8
c 1,92 1,45 1,31 1,2 1,17
MINIMUM CURVES FOR PIPE CONVEYOR BELTS (guide numbers)
Carcass Diameter d (mm) Curve radius
up to 25° 25°- 50° 50° - 75° 75° - 100°
Polyamide (PP) 150 - 300 300 d 400 d 500 d 600 d
350 - 500 400 d 500 d 600 d 700 d
Polyester/Polyamide (EP) 150 - 300 400 d 500 d 600 d 700 d
350 - 500 500 d 600 d 700 d 800 d
Aramide (D) 150 - 300 500 d 600 d 700 d 800 d
350 - 500 600 d 700 d 800 d 900 d
Steel cord (St) 150 - 300 700 d 800 d 900 d 1000 d
350 - 500 800 d 900 d 1000 d 1100 d

MINIMUM BELT TURNOVER LENGTH (guide values in m)
Max. belt width B (mm) Type of turnover Textile conveyor belts Steel cord conveyor belts
1200 unguided 10 x B -
1600 guided 12,5 x B 22 x B
2400 supported 10 x B 15 x B
3200  

Saturday, 12 May 2012

Types of conveyor systems


Types of conveyor systems


·         Flexible conveyor
·         Gravity roller conveyor
·         Gravity skate wheel conveyor
·         Belt conveyor
·         Wire mesh conveyors
·         Plastic belt conveyors
·         Bucket conveyors
·         Flexible conveyors
·         Vertical conveyors
·         Spiral conveyors
·         Vibrating conveyors
·         Pneumatic conveyors
·         Belt driven live roller conveyors
·         Line shaft roller conveyor
·         Chain conveyor
·         Screw conveyor
·         Chain driven live roller conveyor
·         Overhead conveyors
·         Dust proof conveyors
·         Pharmaceutical conveyors
·         Automotive conveyors
·         Pneumatic conveyor systems

Every pneumatic system makes use of pipes or ducts called transportation lines that carry mixture of materials and a stream of air. These materials are such as dry pulverized or free flowing or light powdery materials like cement, fly ash etc. These materials can be transported conveniently to various destinations by means of a stream of high velocity air through pipe lines. Products are moved through various tubes via air pressure, allowing for extra vertical versatility. Pneumatic conveyors are either carrier systems or dilute-phase systems; carrier systems simply push items from one entry point to one exit point, such as the money exchanging tubes used at a bank drive-thru window. Dilute-phase systems use push/pull pressure to guide materials through various entry and/or exit points. Three basic systems that are used to generate high velocity air stream: 1. Suction or Vacuum systems: utilizing a vacuum created in the pipeline to draw the material with the surrounding air.The system operated at a low pressure, which is practically 0.4-0.5 atm below atmosphere, and is utilized mainly in conveying light free flowing materials. 2. Pressure Type systems: in which a positive pressure is used to push material from one point to the next. The system is ideal for conveying material from one loading point to a number of unloading points. It operates at a pressure of 6 atm and upwards. 3. Combination systems: in which a suction system is used to convey material from a number of loading points and a pressure system is employed to deliver it to a number of unloading points.

Vibrating conveyor systems
A Vibrating Conveyor is a machine with a solid conveying surface which is turned up on the side to form a trough. They are used extensively in food grade applications where sanitation, washdown, and low maintenance are essential. Vibrating conveyors are also suitable for harsh, very hot, dirty, or corrosive environments. They can be used to convey newly cast metal parts which may reach upwards of 1,500 °F (820 °C). Due to the fixed nature of the conveying pans vibrating conveyors can also perform tasks such as sorting, screening, classifying and orienting parts. Vibrating conveyors have been built to convey material at angles exceeding 45° from horizontal using special pan shapes. Flat pans will convey most materials at a 5° Incline from horizontal line.
Flexible conveyor systems
The flexible conveyor is based on a conveyor beam in middle steel pipe or stainless steel, with low friction slide rails guiding a plastic multi-flexing chain. Products to be conveyed travel directly on the conveyor, or on pallets/carriers. These conveyors can be worked around obstacles and keep production lines flowing. They are made at varying levels and can work in multiple environments. They are used in food packaging, case packing, and pharmaceutical industries but also in retail stores such as Wal-Mart and Kmart.
Vertical conveyor systems and spiral conveyors


Vertical Spiral Conveyor
Vertical conveyor - also commonly referred to as freight lifts and material lifts - are conveyor systems used to raise or lower materials to different levels of a facility during the handling process. Examples of these conveyors applied in the industrial assembly process include transporting materials to different floors. While similar in look to freight elevators, vertical conveyors are not equipped to transport people, only materials.
Vertical lift conveyors contain two adjacent, parallel conveyors for simultaneous upward movement of adjacent surfaces of the parallel conveyors. One of the conveyors normally has spaced apart flites for transporting bulk food items. The dual conveyors rotate in opposite directions, but are operated from one gear box to insure equal belt speed. One of the conveyors is pivotally hinged to the other conveyor for swinging the pivotally attached conveyor away from the remaining conveyor for access to the facing surfaces of the parallel conveyors.[6] Vertical lift conveyors can be manually or automatically loaded and controlled.[7] Almost all vertical conveyors can be systematically integrated with horizontal conveyors, since both of these conveyor systems work in tandem to create a cohesive material handling assembly line.
In similarity to vertical conveyors, spiral conveyors raise and lower materials to different levels of a facility. In contrast, spiral conveyors are able to transport material loads in a continuous flow. Industries that require a higher output of materials - food and beverage, retail case packaging, pharmaceuticals - typically incorporate these conveyors into their systems over standard vertical conveyors due to their ability to facilitate high throughput. Most spiral conveyors also have a lower angle of incline or decline (11 degrees or less) to prevent sliding and tumbling during operation.


Vertical conveyor with forks
Just like spiral conveyors also a vertical conveyor that use forks are able to transport material loads in a continuous flow. With these forks the load can be taken from one horizontal conveyor and put down on another horizontal conveyor on a different level. By adding more forks more products can be lifted at the same time. Conventional vertical conveyors have the restriction that the input and output of material loads must have the same direction. By using forks many combinations of different input- and output levels in different directions are possible. A vertical conveyor with forks can even be used as a vertical sorter. Compared to a spiral conveyor a vertical conveyor - with or without forks - takes up less space.

Heavy duty roller conveyors
Heavy Duty roller conveyors are used for moving items that are at least 500 lbs. This type of conveyor makes the handling of such heavy equipment/products easier and more time effective. Many of the heavy duty roller conveyors can move as fast as 75 feet/minute.

Other types of heavy duty roller conveyors are gravity roller conveyor, chain driven live roller conveyor, pallet accumulation conveyor, multi-strand chain conveyor, and chain & roller transfers.
Gravity roller conveyors are extremly easy to use and are used in many different types of industries such as automotive and retail.
Chain driven live roller conveyors are used for single or bi-directional material handling. Large heavy loads are moved by chain driven live roller conveyors.
Pallet accumulation conveyors are powered through a mechanical clutch. This is used instead of individually powered and controlled sections of conveyors.
Multi-strand chain conveyors are used for double pitch roller chains. Products that can not be moved on traditional roller conveyors can be moved by a multi-strand chain conveyor.
Chain & roller conveyors are short runs of two or more strands of double pitch chain conveyor built into a chain driven line roller conveyor. These pop up under the load and move the load off of the conveyor.